used without permission, for "fair use" only

Envious Hissings

by Branimir Luksic, Slobodna Dalmacija, Split, Croatia, 9/14/95

I have just read a report written by a student from Berlin University in which he concludes that, according to the data he has been able to obtain from the "secondary sources", there is no freedom of press in Croatia, or at least that it is endangered; he also states that there are only two independent papers in Croatia. One of them is Feral Tribune and the other one, probably, Novi List from Rijeka. The report of this young man, who has otherwise shown good will towards Croatia, has scientific aspirations, since it had to consider historical, legal and political factors.

The "secondary sources" which the author has used consist, mainly, of the articles by Slavenka Drakulic, Vesna Kesic and Dubravka Ugresic published in German papers and the reports on Feral Tribune in Tagesspiel and Tageszeitung. Author also quotes the article by our well known journalist, Danko Plevnik, published on 3/19/93 in Frankfunter Rundschau, in which Plevnik stated that the struggle for freedom of press had been lost in Split after the resistance of the journalists against the power of Franjo Tudman over Croatian media had been crushed. The answer to the reader's question about why the author didn't also use "primary sources", about which he strives to make a judgment, is that he doesn't speak Croatian and didn't use translator's services. The author's logical abilities probably aren't particularly strong, since he claims that in a certain country there is no freedom of press because, supposedly, only two papers are independent of the state censorship.

Examples

The surprise of that young man during his recent visit to Croatia reached heights of religious doubt when he was presented with several translated recent articles from the Croatian papers; articles about Croatian government written according to the Ante Markovic's recipe, about why Croatia hasn't yet been admitted into the Council of Europe, about the beaten up refugee family from Vukovar, literal translations of articles from foreign papers critical of Croatia, then statements of Croatian politicians from the far right to the far left ends of the political spectrum; finally he was told that Danko Plevnik had continued writing for Slobodna Dalmacija and that he was still a social and political critic.

In the program, "Europe today", which BBC broadcasted on 8/22 in English throughout the world, the editor interviewed Drago Hedl, who was introduced as a former editor of the satirical paper Feral Tribune. On that occasion, Hedl stated that in Croatia, radio and TV were controlled by the state, that there was no freedom of press, with few exceptions, among which Feral Tribune was the most important; he also stated that the continuation of the triumphalism in connection with the success of the operation "Storm" could lead to the oppression of the non-Croatian population, and that even the most important opposition party [HSLS, Croatian Liberals] was forced to applaud the operation "storm" and say that the operation was a "big" victory since otherwise that party would have been proclaimed to be traitorous; finally he claimed that the Croatian government obstructed the return of Serbs to Croatia. BBC considered the interview so interesting that it rebroadcasted the interview the following morning.

I don't intend to say that in Croatia the freedom of media, especially television, is always on the level of the rights proclaimed in the constitution, that the editors and correspondents sometimes don't succumb to the well known self defense mechanism of autocensorship and that the owners of the papers don't try to give the general direction to the editorial policy of their papers, sometimes because of the political poltroonery, but mostly because of their party affiliations. But that is nothing new; this is done in other democratic countries, somewhere with more and somewhere with less success. Just try to publish an anti-Semitic article in Der Spiegel or try to criticize Churchill in Daily Telegraph!

Slander

However, after almost half of a century of following English, German and French press I am completely convinced that one can find in the Croatian wartime press more examples of free criticism of authorities, irresponsible slandering of this and that, and, not seldom, more examples of obscene, anarchic and destructive criticism than in the foreign peacetime press. Should we, therefore, be surprised when foreigners, because of lack of knowledge of our language and complicated political past in this area, take personal envy of former members of red nomenklatura or vain egoists, especially when this envy is presented in foreign media by the anticroatian lobby, for a well-founded democratic criticism of Croatia? If BBC did inform its listeners that Drago Hedl was during the communist division on suitable and unsuitable a communist party member and a pro-yugoslav oriented journalist working for the [communist] regime, the evaluation of his statements would have been more complete.

How can our young student from Berlin and other foreign readers know that a good part of slanderers of everything Croatian abroad are former udbasi [UDBA, Yugoslav counterintelligence service], yugomaniacs, people who spied on their colleagues, communist politician's lackeys, salon callporters of "humanist marxism" who, because of their political "shouting" led comfortable lives and traveled on state expense to congresses and summer schools, great committee inquisitors, bull terriers and a few members of the former regime scum?

The majority of those simply cannot stand anything Croatian, so that even a mention of a word Croat gives them hepatitis. They don't care that Croatia was during both Yugoslavias [royalist Yugoslavia, 1918-1941, and Communist Yugoslavia, 1945-1990], according to Krleza [Miroslav Krleza, greatest contemporary Croatian writer], "an annexed western province, object and a sphere of interest of Serbian business" ["prisajedinjena precanska provincija, objekt i interesna sfera carsije"]. It never occured to these todays lyricists of Tito's Yugoslavia, to raise their voice in defense of human rights of those who couldn't perform any more important state function, from a judge to a paper editor and even a president of a hunting society, only because they attended church. Not knowing these personal data, foreigners, obviously cannot distinguish between envious hissings of these spiritual monsters who in the former regime lived of the blood taxes of the second rate citizens and acquired jobs and positions of power by denouncing their more honest and qualified colleagues, and justified criticism by those whose lives during the communist regime were a reprimand to the authorities and who continue today to point out that the change of the state coat of arms doesn't automatically change people.

Task

Nations without a state often experience that a part of their people enters the service of a highest foreign bidder. Those mercenaries are then usually the most loyal servants of their masters and the loudest critics of their own people. This tradition, unfortunately, also exists among the Croats. Therefore, today, when Croats have their own state, we should much more seriously strive that our state is objectively and comprehensively presented abroad. We shouldn't be afraid of the truth because Croatian people, with its generosity in forgiveness, patience in suffering and perseverance and industriousness, can easily compete with other European peoples. However, Croatian diplomatic and consular offices abroad usually stay out of the local media and academic circles and at home we don't have a single serious foreign language paper which would present significant events from the political and cultural life of the country and its economy.

It is time to give this task to capable and honorable people, who, thank God, can be found among Croats, both in Croatia and abroad, instead of giving it to the incapable political servants without knowledge.


Translated on 1/3/96