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Yesterday in Belgrade, daughter of condemned war criminal received highest decoration awarded in the USA to foreigners

USA Nevertheless Decorates Chetnik Leader Draza Mihailovic

Belgrade daily Blic yesterday claimed that the ceremony had been postponed, but the news turned out to be inaccurate. Mihailovic's soldiers rescued about 500 American pilots

by Boris PAVELIC and Bojana OPRJAN-ILIC

Novi List, Rijeka, Croatia, May 10, 2005

Despite protests from Croatia and Bosnia-Hercegovina, as well as Serbia, descendants of the Chetnik leader Draza Mihailovic were yesterday awarded in Belgrade his Legion of Merit, the highest decoration awarded by the US to foreigners. In 1948 US president Harry Truman posthumously decorated with Legion of Merit the infamous war criminal from the Ravna Gora mountain. In the nineties Chetniks celebrated Mihailovic as their supreme role model.

American WWII war veterans in Belgrade handed the decoration to Mihailovic's daughter Gordana, "on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the victory against fascism," Vuk Draskovic's Serb Renewal Movement (SPO) stated on its web site (www.spo.org.yu). Belgrade daily newspaper Blic yesterday claimed that the ceremony had been postponed indefinitely, but the news turned out to be inaccurate.

Truman, the SPO asserts, decorated Mihailovic "based on the recommendation of the legendary American war commander Dwight Eisenhower". The decoration is in recognition of the assistance Mihailovic's soldiers provided to the US in WWII, when they saved about 500 American pilots whose aircrafts had been shot down by Germans over Serbia in 1944.

Clinton Ignored Request

Civic Council for Human Rights (GOLJP) from Zagreb, as well as some NGOs from Bosnia-Hercegovina and Serbia tried to stop the delivery of the decoration by informing the US embassies and public about the evidence regarding genocidal crimes of Mihailovic's Chetniks of which their commander was aware, but it seems those protests were fruitless. "Some of our neighbors initiated an incomprehensible campaign trying to convince the USA not to deliver the decoration. A similar campaign was responsible for blocking the initiative of American WWII veterans and numerous US Congressmen to erect a monument to Mihailovic in Washington D.C.," SPO says in their release posted at their web site.

SPO president Vuk Draskovic, current Minister of Foreign Affairs of Serbia-Montenegro, requested from US Secretary of State Colin Powell last year that the decoration awarded more than 50 years ago be finally delivered. This was a second such request, the first one being made in 1992 also by Draskovic. The first request was ignored by president Bill Clinton.

Will Washington React To SPO's Assertions?

"The truth must not be hidden and distorted anymore. Draza Mihailovic was the first guerrilla fighter against Nazism in the occupied Europe. He refused to accept the capitulation of the Yugoslav Army in the April war in 1941, and on May 13, 1941 he called on all Yugoslav patriots from the Ravna Gora mountain to rise against the occupiers. He was the commander of the legal Yugoslav Homeland Army and the wartime minister of defense of the legal Yugoslav government in exile. His contribution to the allied victory is large. Similarly his contribution to the defense of the Serb nation against genocide in the then Croatian state is immeasurable," SPO's statement published yesterday on the Internet also asserts. It would be interesting to see if the US will react to SPO's assertions. Similarly, it is interesting that the USA has not decorated Draza Mihailovic's son, who fought with Tito's partisans since 1942.

Draza Mihailovic was tried and condemned as a Chetnik commander and traitor and executed on July 17, 1946 in Belgrade. The location of his grave remains unknown until today.

Zoran Pusic: Government Should Lodge Protest in Washington

"If the decoration was indeed delivered, Croatia should lodge an unbiased and well argued protest with the US administration," was the reaction of Zoran Pusic, president of GOLJP, one of few who protested against this historical injustice in Croatia. "We did not quote Partisan documents, but Chetnik documents that clearly show that Mihailovic was aware that his soldiers ‘followed the orders' and murdered 8000 women, elderly and children. If you do something like that, you do not have to consider yourself a fascist to be one," Pusic told us.

According to Pusic, "the Americans really chose an unfortunate moment" to deliver the decoration. "You cannot say that someone responsible for mass war crimes is an anti-fascist, although in the first few months of the war he did fight the Nazis. It should not be forgotten that Mihailovic rejected the Partisan offer to become the supreme commander of their joint forces. He did initiate an uprising, but he would not be the first person to change his mind," Pusic wryly comments. "Americans are to be blamed for this. They allowed to be misled. However, SPO is also responsible, as they from the start took a pro-Chetnik stand, ignoring Chetnik crimes".

Jakic: USA Should Explain Political Message Of Award

"The fact that the American decoration of the leader of the Chetnik movement Draza Mihailovic, undeniably a Nazi and fascist ally, was delivered on the 60th anniversary of the victory against fascism is, to say the least, surprising," Tomislav Jakic, Croatian President's advisor for foreign affairs stated for Novi List. "It is difficult to shake off the impression that that act carries a certain political message. It's up to the US administration to explain that message, given that the USA were one of the leading members of the anti-fascist coalition," Jakic said.


Tudman's Police Minister Josip Boljkovac, candidate of the Independent Democratic Serb Party (SDSS) protests attacks on Tito in the parliament

Serbs Should Be Given Back Status Of Constituent Nation

I joined the government after a lengthy persuasion, but I left it as soon as I realized that they were creating private political armies and using services of former Foreign Legion members

interview by Zlatko CRNCEC

Novi List, Rijeka, Croatia, May 2, 2005

The inclusion of Josip Boljkovac on the list of candidates of the Independent Democratic Serb Party (SDSS) for the Karlovac County Legislature has caused quite a stir on the Croatian political scene. Namely, Boljkovac is one of the founders of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) and starting with May 1990 he joined the first HDZ government as a Police Minister.

"I've been asked to assist in democratization of Croatia and to help resolve consequences of everything that has happened in the last 15 years. Serbs were in the past recognized as a nation in Croatia, while today they have the status of an ethnic minority. From one side they were pressured by greater Serbian extremists, from the other side by Croatian nationalists. These two groups formed an alliance against Serbs and in the end they lost their status of the constituent nation and became an ethnic minority," Boljkovac explains in a short interview for Novi List why he decided to run on the SDSS list. He added that he decided not to run on the Croat People's Party (HNS) list, whose member he otherwise is, because the HNS did not ask him to be a candidate in the forthcoming elections, but regardless he believes that the HNS is the best political party in Croatia and that he especially admires its honorary president Slavka Dapcevic Kucar, as well as "Vesna Pusic and [Radomir] Cacic who sincerely and openly discuss the truth about Bosnia-Hercegovina".

They Carried The Biggest Burden In National Liberation Struggle [WWII]

Boljkovac does not see why Serbs should not be given back the constituent nation status they had until 1990, especially keeping in mind that Serbs, according to Boljkovac, carried the biggest burden of fighting in the national liberation struggle [WWII] during 1941 and 1942.

"Serbs carried the biggest burden in WWII, while most Croats fought [with Nazis] in the Soviet Union and in Bosnia. Some of the leaders of the uprising were ethnic Croats, but the soldiers were mostly ethnic Serbs. We must continue living with Serbs. Instead, we are trying to erase them," believes Boljkovac. He added that "out of six divisions of the National Liberation Army [Tito's partisans], five were led by Serbs".

"Now, some in the Croatian parliament say that Tito is a criminal. If I were in power now, they would be in jail! What they are saying is not democracy, it is crime," Boljkovac believes.

He explains circumstances from the early days of WWII, and an uprising in the parts of Croatia populated by Serbs and recalls that residents of Serb villages in Banija and Kordun took him in "as their own" in 1941 after he had had to escape from Zagreb.

"One cannot say that ethnic Croats started an uprising, because something like that was impossible in regions populated by Croats in 1941. The uprising was initiated by Serbs, while some of the leaders of the Communist Party, which organized the uprising were ethnic Croats," says Boljkovac, adding that the case of the Sisak Partisan unit is only an exception confirming the rule. Although members of the Sisak Partisan Unit were ethnic Croats, they very quickly had to move to the Serb majority region.

Sanader Deserves Support

Boljkovac believes that Prime Minister Ivo Sanader after the 2003 elections made a very good move by inviting the SDSS to join the ruling coalition.

"Sanader shares responsibility for everything that happened in the last 15 years, but now he has a good program and deserves support," Boljkovac believes.

Discussing his involvement in the first HDZ government, Boljkovac says that he joined the government only after a lengthy persuasion, but that he left it as soon as he realized that they were creating private political armies and using services of former Foreign Legion members. He adds that the then Croatian leadership in early 1991 refused to accept some fifty policemen from Knin who at one point pledged loyalty to Croatia.

Repression Against Serbs Started Before War

Talking about the situation in 1991 Boljkovac stresses that thanks to unity of population in Gorski Kotar, as well as in Primorje and Istria, there were no armed clashes that would have split Croatia in two.

"We in Gorski Kotar saved Croatia. Croatia was not saved by Tudjman," says Boljkovac, adding that not all Serbs in Croatia rebelled and trusted Milosevic. He adds that Milosevic failed to incite Serbs to rebel in Gorski Kotar, but that they instead behaved "like in 1941 when they received fighters from the Spanish civil war".

"Regardless, Serbs in Croatia were placed on the list for ‘humane population transfer'. Some of them unfortunately trusted Milosevic and then paid dearly," Boljkovac says. He adds that he opposed repression against Serbs which, according to him, started before the war. According to Boljkovac, repression against Serbs was especially advocated by Gojko Susak who organized demolition of Serb houses.


Josip Boljkovac's Proposal Rejected

Hebrang: Serbs Did Not Build Croatia - They Attacked Her

by Z.C.

Novi List, Rijeka, Croatia, May 3, 2005

Josip Boljkovic, Police minister in the first HDZ government and currently a candidate of the SDSS for the Karlovac County Legislature has recently proposed that Serbs in Croatia should be given back the constituent nation status, which they had until 1990. Almost none of our collocutors support that proposal. For example, president of the SDSS Vojislav Stanimirovic says that the party has never discussed anything similar and adds that it is still too early to address similar topics.

"However, it is not favorable that Serbs have become an ethnic minority, that they do not have all the rights guaranteed by the Constitutional Ethnic Minority Rights Act," Stanimirovic says.

As far as Milan Djukic, president of the Serb People's Party is concerned, it is neither too early nor too late to address the constituent nation status.

"Croatia must become a civic state with equal rights and freedoms for all of its residents, which would solve the status of Serbs in Croatia," Djukic was adamant.

The HDZ, SDSS's partner in the coalition government, also rejected Boljkovac's proposal, even though Boljkovac used to be an important member of the HDZ.

"How could Serbs be a constitutional element of Croatia when Croatia was exposed to the Serb aggression. Serbs attacked Croatia, they did not build her," also adamant was Andrija Hebrang, member of the presidency of the HDZ.


Zagreb municipal state attorney rejects suit filed by Gotovina's lawyers

Brijuni Transcript Not Forged

Based on an investigation and a recording of the conversations from Brijuni, the prosecutor established that transcripts were not forged. Gotovina's lawyers not convinced

by Sergej ABRAMOV and Ladislav TOMICIC

Novi List, Rijeka, Croatia, May 3, 2005

Based on the conducted investigation and a recording of the conversations from Brijuni, dated April 29, the state attorney's office in Zagreb established that the so-called Brijuni transcripts were not forged. Therefore, according to the Municipal State Attorney's office in Zagreb, Brijuni transcripts were not forged and President Franjo Tudman did state at the Brijuni meeting that "Serbs should be struck so hard that they essentially disappear". Among other, this Tudman's sentence is key evidence that crimes committed during the operation "Storm" were part of a criminal enterprise.

The Hague prosecutor's office has transcripts of two meetings held in Brijuni on July 17 and 31, 1995. Immediately after the publication of the July 31 meeting transcript, which is important for the prosecutor because of the part discussing "the disappearance of Serbs", several political leaders, including the leader of the Croatian Rights Party (HSP) Anto Djapic questioned the veracity of the transcripts. Nevertheless, the state attorney's office confirmation that the transcripts were not forged failed to convince Djapic.

Incredulous Lawyers

"The decision of the municipal court is strange given that we know that several persons have publicly confirmed that they attended the meetings, while they are not mentioned in the transcripts. I am convinced that this ‘verdict' did not by chance fall at the time when the government is trying hard to prove that it is sincere in its cooperation with the Hague tribunal. Therefore, this is not a coincidence," says Djapic. He added that he needed more information about the decision of the municipal court before taking a specific view.

Ivo Farcic, General Ante Gotovina's lawyer, on the other hand still claims that the transcripts were forged.

"We haven't received any official communication from the state attorney's office, but when we do receive it we shall file a civil suit and take the role of state prosecutor. The state attorney is obliged to prosecute the act, but if they decline to do so the plaintiff is free to file charges on his own," Farcic said.

However, Gotovina's lawyers, explains Ivo Josipovic, an international law expert, can file a civil suit only if the court recognizes them as plaintiffs in the case, which according to Josipovic is questionable.

"The decision of the state attorney's office indicates that they are convinced that the transcripts were not forged and as far s they are concerned this matter is closed. That will definitely be useful to the Hague prosecutor. On the other hand, as far as Gotovina's lawyers are concerned, it is questionable whether they will be recognized by the court as plaintiffs and allowed to continue the case," Josipovic says.

President's Office Employees Questioned

According to the statement released by the Municipal State Attorney's office, Gotovina's lawyers Marijan Pedisic and Ivo Farcic filed charges against unidentified persons for forgery of Brijuni transcripts. Based on their suit the Municipal State Attorney's Office requested from the District Court to conduct an investigation.

Based on the request from the Zagreb Municipal Prosecutor, investigative magistrate Kresimir Devcic questioned several witnesses, mostly current and former employees of the Croatian President's Office working for the department in charge of taping and transcribing president's conversations. Employees answered questions about the way conversations had been recorded, transcribed and archived.

Based on the investigation and a recording of the conversations from Brijuni, the Municipal State Attorney's Office established that transcripts were not forged.

As is well known, our newspaper informed about the content of the controversial transcript, as well as about claims of several former top state officials that they participated in the meetings even though they are not mentioned in the transcripts. Among other, Pavao Miljavac made such assertions. Given the decision of the Municipal State Attorney's Office, a new question begs for an answer: why did they claim that the Brijuni transcript was forged?


Translated on March 16, 2006
Novi List