used without permission, for "fair use" only

Sean-yo [Chicken] Connery

by Zoran Daskalovic

Feral Tribune, Split, Croatia, 3/18 1996

Last week's start of the trial to the group of spies accused for spying for the para-army of "Krajina" and its boss, the Yugoslav Army, was the subject of various assessments and commentaries. One of them, coming from the legal-observer circles, can be summarized like this: Balkan spies who drink brandy in pubs while exchanging secret and "secret" information and receive for their service about DM 100, organized and led by the officers from the former Yugoslav Peoples Army who in their escape from the attack of the Croatian Army leave behind the complete documentation about their intelligence network and its activities, only deserve to end up in Balkan fashion: used in the election campaign and at a trial which serves to demonstrate to the public absolute and lasting endangerment of the Croatian state and efficiency and irreplaceable character of the present authorities in its defense. According to that opinion, if Croatia is a serious state and if it wants to smoothly pull out of that Balkan-spying spoof, than the best solution would be to apply the amnesty law instead of the organization of a spectacular trial and simply sweep the Balkan rubbish under the carpet of the Croatian legal practice.

Spies From a Filing Cabinet

On the other hand, in the same circles one can hear the opinion that the trial at the Zagreb Military Court, taking into account that the indictment is mostly based on the documentation found in the intelligence center based in the liberated Knin, documents which can be authentic but could also be forgeries, could be the introduction into the practice of bringing people to trial and sentencing them because someone in intelligence and secret police services had written documents based on actual or fabricated conversations, facts and in that way collected evidence for prosecution.

Regardless of these opinions, the post-Storm spy affair is following, it seems, the usual official procedures. Last week, fifteen out of eighteen accused Serb spies, who had been caught in the operation "Zenit" in October 1995, found themselves in the courtroom of the Military Court in Zagreb. Unlike "Labrador" the first large spying ring, which was broken in Croatia at the beginning of the war and whose members were soon after the capture exchanged or released. Also, as the "Labradors" were discovered after the capture of the then Yugoslav Peoples Army's Fifth Region Air force command building, Croatian intelligence services got hold of an even larger group of accused spies in the operation "Zenit" after the liberation of Knin where they found documents with the data about the spying network and its activities, most of them well organized in three filing cabinets.

Last fall, the news about the arrest of the spies flooded the media at the start of the election campaign. Their hometowns, occupations and professions made the impression that the spies were everywhere around us, that they had penetrated Croatia and were present in police, army, parliament, courts, all the way to schools, factories and pensioner meeting places. For example, several accused were arrested in Zagreb: an advisor in the Croatian Parliament (Nikola Ivancevic), a policemen in the special unit of the Zagreb police district (Mile Cika), a policeman from the prison hospital (Dusan Tarbuk), retired criminal justice expert (Ivica Perner); in Delnice the police arrested retired forestry technician (Jovan Vuckovic); in Rijeka, an office worker, employed by Trans-Adria company (Milan Supica) and unemployed chemistry technician (Savo Tepsa); in Veliko Lijesce on Zumberak a machine technician (Niko Drakulic); In Karlovac, a high school teacher (Irena Predovic); in Koprivnica an economist from "Podravka" (Dusan Dulikravic); in Pakrac (actually Daruvar) a judge from the Pakrac county court (Vojin Mrzic); in Pula a professor (Dorde Vrcelj); in Split a pensioner (Ilija Vrcelj) and finally on the island of Vir, in his summer home, a Slovenian policeman who works at the Krsko nuclear power plant (Rajko Beric). Rajko Jovic, unemployed lawyer and the former judge of the court in Glina, who lived during the war in "Krajina" and from time to time participated in meetings of various governmental and non-governmental organizations, was later added to the group. He was arrested while returning from a meeting of non-governmental organizations which had taken place in Tuzla [in Bosnia-Hercegovina].

Silent Defense

Three of the accused, colonel of the former Yugoslav Peoples Army (Mihajlo Knezevic), retired Zagreb policeman (Mirko Vuletic) and a man from Plasko (Mile Kosanovic), who, according to the indictment, organized and led the spying ring remain at large and are tried in absentia.

In the part of the indictment which gives a detailed description of the criminal act of spying, it says that "all guises of the criminal act of spying are premeditated". Defense's opening statements from last week indicate that the proof of "premeditation" will be the center of the trial, both for the prosecution and for the defense. Last week, Nikola Ivancevic, Mile Cika and Dusan Tarbuk gave the opening statements in their defense in front of the three judge panel of the Military Court in Zagreb. Nikola Ivancevic, who pleaded not guilty, decided to, until further notice, defend himself by silence since he still hasn't had a chance to read the 1400 page indictment and doesn't know what evidence it provides for his guilt. In addition, because of the way in which he was arrested, he doubts that some of the evidence could have been planted by the police; until he can verify that this wasn't the case he will defend himself with silence.

"Secrets" in Vecernji List

Mile Cika, special unit policeman from Zagreb also claims that he is innocent. He only admits that, as is stated in the indictment, he has known "since birth" the accused Mirko Vuletic who, according to the indictment, is one of the three organizers of the spy ring and who, among other, has "led" Cika and sent the secret data provided by Cika to Knin. While the prosecutor tried to prove with additional questioning that the informations for which Vuletic had claimed to had been provided by Cika were correct, his defense attorney, Ranko Radovic, during his questioning attacked the authenticity of the documents and the "quality" of the information.

For example, in one of the prosecution documents, Vuletic claimed that Cika had given him the analysis of the situation in the Croatian Army, done by the International Institute for Strategic Research from London, which had allegedly been published in the special police publication available only to a narrow circle of officials in the Croatian police. To Radovic's questions, Cika replied that he didn't know about any top secret publication in which he could have read the analysis of the London institute. Then, Radovic submitted to the Judges a photocopy of a page in Vecernji List with the analysis of the London Institute from which, taking into account that it was correct, the information had probably been copied.

The same was repeated with the alleged Cika's informations about the number of aircraft and helicopters used by the Croatian Air force, and the transfer of the factories "Jedinstvo" and "Prvomajska" to war production. Those informations were also published in Vecernji List and other Croatian papers. Also, Vuletic's report to the bosses in Knin, that he on one occasion visited Cika in his apartment where he was with his wife and children, according to Cika's replies couldn't be correct, since at the time of the Vuletic's visit Cika didn't live with his wife and children but with his present common law wife and her child.

(In)correct Documents

Some informations from the documents submitted as part of the indictment against prison policeman Dusan Tarbuk also demonstrate that the documents found in Knin were full if incorrect informations. For example, according to Tarbuk, he was at work in Zagreb prison hospital on the day when he supposedly met his contact in Subotica; Tarbuk's statement can easily be checked in the prison work log. On the other hand a few of the accused have admitted being contact with one of the accused and giving them some of the informations quoted in Knin reports.

Nevertheless, defense attorney Ranko Radovic has already brought up the questioning of Mirko Vuletic which was carried out by the police in June 1995; Vuletic was released after the questioning. Since, in the meantime, Vuletic was arrested in Belgrade and accused of being a Croatian spy, defense attorneys for other accused, whose connection he allegedly was, will also insist on uncertainty of his true role and the authenticity of the documents written on the bases of his reports in Knin. It seems that Vuletic's spy "handwriting" has contributed to the assessment from the beginning of this article that these spies are above all Balkan spies involved in Balkan spy games.


Translated on 5/20/96
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