used without permission, for "fair use" only

Chronology

Feral Tribune, Split, Croatia, May 29, 2003

1993

The first issue of the independent and sovereign Feral Tribune would have probably hit the newsstands much later if it weren't for the decision of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) to take control of the publishing company Slobodna Dalmacija. That brutal assault of Tudman's regime on the company that published Feral Tribune between October 1984 and March 1993 as a satirical supplement, first in Nedjeljna Dalmacija and then also of Slobodna Dalmacija, prompted a group of journalists who had dreamt about starting their own magazine, to turn to that challenge earlier than they had hoped. With borrowed money, sufficient to print one and a half issue, a small group started an adventure of creating a magazine that did not exist anywhere else in the world. An unusual combination of satire, written by the trio from Studio "Viva Ludez" (Viktor Ivancic, Predrag Lucic, Boris Dezulovic), Miljenko Smoje, Djermano Senjanovic, and Petar Lukovic, and "the other side of satire", i.e. serious articles, edited by Zoran Erceg, and authored in the first issue by Heni Erceg, Jelena Lovric, Sanja Modric, Frano Cetinic Petris, Ivo Goldstein, and Nebojsa Taraba, turned out to be the winning combination and all 30,000 copies of the first issue of the magazine were sold out immediately. It is worth recalling the words of the young man who delivered the first issue of the then biweekly magazine from Rijeka print works to the then blacked out "southern Croatia": "I feel like I've just delivered electricity to Dalmatia!"

Of course, publication of every "difficult" magazine is greeted by low blows by the authorities and their sycophants: Slobodna Dalmacija demanded a ban on Feral Tribune under silly pretext that Feral had stolen from Slobodna its name and graphic identity, while the Ministry of Culture decides not to issue, otherwise routine, "opinion" that the paper needs to avoid paying sales taxes. Soon, the first suit prompted by "spiritual pain" caused by the articles published in Feral arrived. Anto Djapic was the plaintiff and demanded damages of 240,000 Croat dinars (about $50,000 at the time).

In November Feral Tribune (the magazine had in the meantime recruited a few distinguished journalists - Marinko Culic, Milan Gavrovic, Drago Hedl...) became a weekly and alarm bells at Pantovcak [official residence of Croatian president, Franjo Tudman at the time] went off. Vainglorious Caesar, insulted by the fact that a photomontage published in Feral dared opine that he may not live forever, but only until the late 90's, and also by the legendary front page, where he was depicted in bed together with his buddy from Belgrade Slobodan Milosevic, and finally by his victory in the first Championshit, demanded that the authorities rain in the magazine. On December 31, 1993, Viktor Ivancic, Feral's editor-in-chief, received mobilization papers...

1994

Both the Feral's front page and the news about mobilization of its editor-in-chief were received with attention abroad, but the humorless leader, despite protests from all continents, stuck to his revenge. One-month drill to which Viktor Ivanicic was subjected in barracks Dracevac failed to brake him, or his magazine. Greedy plaintiffs, Zeljko Olujic, Josip Jovic, and Djurdjica Ivanisevic, also failed to destroy the magazine, while demanding hundreds of thousands of dollars as compensation for their "spiritual pain". In July Tudman ordered the then Minister of Culture, Vesna Girardi-Jurkic, to impose on Feral the tax reserved for hard-core pornographic publications and the fascist entertainment weekly from Vinkovac, known as Hrvatski Vjesnik. However, Feral survived that attack as well.

Tudman resorted to the last action, which additionally reduced the standing of Croatia abroad, after Feral demonstrated to him that it is easier to destroy the ruling party than the only opposition weekly in the country. Naturally, we are referring here to the parliamentary crisis provoked by interviews of Josip Manolic ("Susak must go!") and Stjepan Mesic ("Stalinism returning to Croatia!") published in Feral. That crisis marks the beginning of the slow but certain fall of the HDZ. In 1994 Feral forced the authorities to shut down the collection camp for foreigners in Dugo Selo, whose inmates were kept in humiliating conditions. Our reporters were also the first journalists to enter Stolac [town in Bosnia-Hercegovina] that had been thoroughly burnt down by the HVO forces. Then, we discovered the secret document about the establishment and activities of the Department for Media Planning under the auspices of the Cabinet of the President of Croatia, which included a detailed plan for the Orwellization of Croatia... We launched the book edition Feral Tribune (first books: "Lute and Scars" by Danilo Kis, and "Robi K.'s Notebook," by Viktor Ivancic), published commemorative issue on the occasion of "ten bloody years" of Feral and somehow managed to survive the tax that was supposed to finish us off.

In case we survived the tax, Tomislav Mercep filed a series of suits against Feral seeking $500,000 in damages, and Velimir Bujanec announced on the pages of Globus public burnings of Feral. In Croatia, dinar was replaced by kuna as the national currency. Feral reacted to this new promotion of Ustashe ideology by Tudman's authorities by printing the price of the magazine on the front page in - lipas [one Kuna = 100 lipas].

1995

Feral reacted to the decree specifying that all prices must be declared in Kunas by following the letter of the law. The price of the magazine on the front page was first "7 official currency units of the independent and sovereign Republic of Croatia led by mister president Dr. Franjo Tudman", and then by regular "7 kUnas". We continued to pay the discriminatory tax to the state that does not like us, unlike Hrvatski Vjesnik, which had by then been spared the tax. Finally, the Constitutional Court agreed with Feral's constitutional suit and, to the horror of our reader from Pantovcak, abolished the porno-tax.

Feral's articles about Miroslav Kutle's privatization crimes, Sisak dossiers of death, about the rebirth of Jasenovac butcher Dinko Sakic in the patriotic press, about attempts to introduce language police, about state decorations given to child murderers and war criminals... provoked a new outburst of wrath of Croatian powerbrokers, so that the secret police organized and carried out public burning of Feral at Narodni Square in Split, in the middle of the day and close to the end of the twentieth century. At the same time, the independent judiciary ordered Feral to pay 130,000 kunas in damages to Tomislav Mercep for "spiritual pain" suffered because of the article "Killing Fields in Pakracka Poljana". Thus, the campaign for financial destruction of Feral moved from the fiscal arm of the authorities, to their judicial branch.

Thus, we reached the operation "Storm" when the whole Croatia in a triumphant zeal refused to see murders, arson and looting in the liberated territories. Only the Croatian Helsinki Committee and Feral Tribune informed about the events that really took place during the victorious August of 1995. We provoked the wrath of even our most loyal readers, which lasted until they saw their own neighbors bringing from somewhere fridges, TV sets, hens and broken window frames.

A sad autumn followed, in which legendary Miljenko Smoje left us, in which, as Ivo Banac wrote, the Trojan Pact was signed in Dayton, in which Tudman willfully annulled election results by refusing to recognize, one after another, four mayors of Zagreb. Feral conducted the first audit of the Tudman family property, under the headline "Gold and silver of Pantovcak", and we also published that in the independent Croatia only one book by Miroslav Krleza [considered by some to be the greatest Croatian writer of all times] had been published by then, while Franjo Tudman had 13 of his books published, and his wife Ankica two. At that time, we could not even guess that "Gold and silver of Pantovcak" was earned through book royalties, as would become obvious three years later, when "Lepej affair" broke out. And, yes, in 1995 we published the photomontage of Manhattan in flames, the prediction that unfortunately came trough six years later when the world civil war stopped being Feral's joke and became reality, while Ivica Racan gave us an interview under the prophetic headline "I can imagine worse than Tudman!".

1996

However, Tudman kept working hard on his autocratic image. He sent spies to inquire with the neighbors of Feral's editors about our private lives, he publicly denounced us as followers of Chetniks and Orjuna, and then children from [ethnically] mixed marriages of Yugoslav People's Army's officers, which we interpreted as an offer from the dismissed Yugoslav People's Army general to adopt us [the father of Tudman's grandchildren, sons of his daughter Nevenka, is a Serb], in order to push Croatia somehow into the Council of Europe. However, the news arriving from Strasbourg drove Tudman through the roof: Viktor Ivancic received an award from the International Federation of Journalists, and Feral Tribune was given the title of one of four media in the world that most consistently opposed racism and intolerance. We did not have to wait long for congratulations from Pantovcak. After reading criticism of his mad plan about mixing of bones of Ustashe and their victims in Jasenovac, Franjo Tudman ordered the state prosecutor to initiate a suit against Viktor Ivancic and Marinko Culic. Editors of Feral were interrogated by inspectors from the Department for War Crimes and Terrorism, and the first court hearing was urgently convened. This was one of more impressive Tudman's own goals. All world and a part of local public sided with Feral, and Susan Sontag chaired the Council for Feral Tribune. Feral's editors defended themselves so eloquently in court that judge Marin Mrcela simply had to acquit them of all charges. The District Court in Zagreb, however, annulled his verdict and ordered a retrial.

Nevenka Tudman assisted her father in his war against Feral Tribune by demanding damages amounting to 3 million kunas. She is represented by Zeljko Olujic, who is representing plaintiffs in suits against Feral Tribune demanding damages of 6 million Kunas!

The new October was cruel as well. Feral's journalist and photographer Zeljko Maglajic died in a car accident. Croatia finally joined the Council of Europe, but that solemn act could not pass without Feral Tribune. Activists of the organization Reporters Without Borders in the middle of the signing ceremony threw leaflets with the infamous Feral's front page with Tudman and Milosevic together in bed and text describing repressive measures of Tudman's regime against our magazine on Mate Granic and other dignitaries.

Another award came in 1996. In London hotel "Dorchester" Viktor Ivancic received the Freedom of Press Award from the International Press Directory. The triple crown in the 1996 Championshit came as a consolation for Franjo Tudman: first place in general competition, and first prize by both the readers and the panel of experts. By the way, Feral blew up the sick lie of the state propaganda that in the New York hospital doctors found that Franjo Tudman was suffering from stomach ulcers.

1997

Church in Croatia warned its faithful that they would be committing a mortal sin by reading Feral, by participating in lies and slander. That fatwah was issued at the altar of the Zagreb Cathedral by Adalbert Rebic. On the other hand, the World Association of Newspapers believed that the right place for Feral was not in hell, but in Amsterdam, where our editor Heni Erceg received the Golden Pen of Freedom award.

Judicial persecution of Feral continued in Croatia. After the President, the government joined the campaign against Feral in the guise of the government's Information Bureau head, Neven Jurica. After a horrific discovery that the NSB and public libraries were systematically destroying evidence of Tudman's scientific work from his communist phase, president's favorite weekly magazine published a series of these suppressed works. We also saved from oblivion literary works of Miroslav Tudman [Franjo Tudman's son], pupil of the third grade of Belgrade primary school "Aleksa Santic". On April 7, 1956, Tudman published in Vjesnik the following verses: "Mesec je izgubio/ Jednu malu zvezdicu/ A zora vec svice/ I sunce mu vice: // ‘Skloni mi se s puta, / Mesece kralju noci. / Zora vec svice / I petao kukurice'". [written in Serbian (ekavian) version of Serbocroatian language. "The Moon lost / a small star/ and dawn is upon us already / and the Sun yells: // ‘Get out of my way, / Moon, the king of night. / Dawn is upon us already / and the rooster cries'"]

Issue 624 of Feral was remembered by the shocking confession of Miro Bajramovic about torture and executions in Pakracka Poljana. And while the Croatian public was dealing with its shock, Feral and its editors and journalist were struck by an avalanche of death threats directed not only at editors and journalists of the magazine but also at their children. However, Feral was, as always, indomitable and incorruptible: we published a complete dossier about beastly crimes committed in Pakracka Pojlana, and soon afterwards testimonies about crimes committed by noble Croatian knights against civilians in Gospic and Vukovar.

Viktor Ivancic was forced to put on his tuxedo one more time. The Committee to Protect Journalists in New York picked Feral Tribune as the recipient of their International Award for Press Freedom.

At the end of the year, we launched the monthly magazine for urban guerrilla Feral Music and provoked wrath of the Catholic Church in Croatia with posters promoting the first issue of the magazine. At the same time, Feral was the only Croatian magazine that dared publish the whole Christmas homily of the new Zagreb archbishop Josip Bozanic [which mildly criticized the authorities].

1998

Envious of Feral standing abroad and ungrateful, as Feral had just organized signing of a petition protesting USA attempts to have Croatia ejected from the Council of Europe, Tudman's henchmen compiled the so-called Feral black book and sent it to numerous recipients all over the world. Later, it would turn out that the author of the anonymous defamatory book is none other than Ivan Bekavac. The worldwide reaction to that Tudmanoidal scribble with the list of Feral's sins was such that Viktor Ivancic urgently had to travel to Stockholm to receive the award Olof Palme, and Boris Dezulovic to Forte dei Marmi to receive the prize for the best political-satirical weekly in the world. After conquering the real world, Feral turns to the virtual world and made an appearance on the Internet, launching its on-line edition in August at the address www.feral.hr.

Thus, our new readers from all corners of the world could read on the screens of their computer monitors the confession of the fired state prosecutor Krunoslav Olujic who decidedly said that Ivic Pasalic and Hrvoje Sarinic demanded of him to destroy Feral Tribune. They could also follow the progress of state-sponsored/private initiatives of Josip Husar, Tomislav Mercep, Miroslav Kutle, Hrvoje Sarinic, Marica Mestrovic, Antonije Pehar, and other individuals suffering from spiritual pain, whose overall demands for damages against Feral had climbed to 14 million kunas. Raging and blinded regime went so far in its campaign against Feral that it started playing even dirtier than usual and published the medical records of our editor Drago Hedl, while Tudman's advisor Ante Barisic tried to blackmail Feral's journalists to inform on "the enemies of the regime".

Of course, none of that is surprising, as the "Lepej scandal" confirmed that everything that Feral had written about Croatian kleptocracy was true.

1999

The photomontage with workers repairing the cracked Tudman monument and the message "Happy totally new 1999" heralded the last year of the HDZ regime. Although in agony, the powerbrokers still stuck to their plan to destroy Feral Tribune. The magazine was ordered to pay enormous damages to various mentally disturbed individuals, and the [monopolistic] newspaper distribution company owned by the state refused to pay the moneys earned from the sales of our weekly. Spying on journalists and various other police perversions intensified. Arrest warrants for unsuitable journalists were greeted with glee by our "colleagues" from state-controlled media. Despite everything, Tudmanic was sinking and could not be saved even by thousands of policemen sent to confront striking workers in Zagreb or brigades of spies who daily operated at checkpoints of "intelligence-security interest", such as offices and hallways of our building. Without any malice, Feral revealed what was hiding under the wig of the weakened dictator and confronted the increasingly common climate of violence that aimed to silence Croatia that may survive Franjo Tudman.

The first president of the Republic of Croatia died on the Human Rights Day, November 10, 1999. Those who had predicted that Feral Tribune would follow Tudman to its grave, were wrong. As well as those who predicted that Tudmanism would die with Tudman.

2000

The beginning of the year brought a change of authorities, and soon afterwards first disappointments. The hopes of citizens that the new authorities would fulfill their election campaign promises and tackle difficult legacy of Tudman's era, as well as the hope of the new ruling elite that its indolence would be shielded from criticism of the independent media, soon fell through. Unlike other media and individuals who immediately switched sides and joined the victorious camp, Feral Tribune stuck to its old principles and was consequently treated just like during Tudman's reign. Trials continued, while the old repertoire of denunciations, besides old labels, that we were "traitors, foreign hirelings, and anti-Croats", grew to include new, such as that we were "leftist terrorists". Transcripts from the Presidential Palace that we published in one issue after another, which fully revealed the character of Tudman's regime, were soon declared to be under government's care and hidden from the public. Just like during Tudman's rule, it is quite possible to publish articles describing utterly shocking and outrageous events and acts without any reaction from the authorities, or the public. Examples? In issue 757, Feral Tribune published the confession of entrepreneur Igor Knezevic, who claimed that he had paid Nevenka Tudman 2 million and 600,000 kunas for her services in securing a government contract. Many moons passed before authorities showed interest in this story and it ended up in court. In the meantime the new authorities tried to protect the Princess and frame Feral.

In September 2000, Vladimir Primorac left us forever, failing to live long enough to welcome Croatia for which he also fought on the pages of this magazine.

2001

Feral's journalists Damir Pilic and Rino Belan headed to Pakostane to check whether it was true that land at a prime location, next to the sea, was being cleared for the construction of a house for retired General Ante Gotovina. It turned out that rumors were true, but their publication had to be stopped. Consequently, general's brother Boro Gotovina physically assaulted the journalists, started hitting them and threatening to kill them. Of course, he was not charged. Moreover, he was promoted into one of the stars of the traveling rightist circus. That happened at the time when Feral introduced color for the first time to its pages. Fans of black-and-white Feral hardly recovered from this shock when a new shock arrived!

In June, with assistance of people from Zagreb printworks "Radin" we switched to a new design, and Slobodan Milosevic made sure that we were forced to change the front page of the first redesigned issue at the last moment. At the time when the new issue was ready for printing, the Serb Leader arrived to the Hague, and our front page. Those 30 minutes of feverish search for a new idea for the front page, which was found a pile of sculls and headline "Slobodan [free]? My ass!", are among the experiences that make this job worthwhile. Especially when the whole circulation of the issue sells out...

That autumn, the new authorities in Croatia again demonstrated reluctance to change their format and determination to stick to surreal. Together with colleagues from other media that bore the brunt of state-inspired persecution under Tudman, we were invited to give our contribution to the farce with files that were, after a thorough cleaning and censorship, offered for our inspection, but only under the condition we agreed not to publish anything from them. The authorities also demanded that we agree that the files be destroyed after reading. On the other hand, the authorities did not demand anything from those who had created those ignominious dossiers, while many of them have kept their jobs.

2002

On the other hand, the new authorities nearly managed to make Tudman proud by preventing Feral's journalists from doing their job and bring the magazine on the brink of extinction. Instead of putting a stop on the persecution of media started under Tudman, the coalition government allowed the "independent judiciary" to continue all those political trials without hindrance, so that after draconian damages awarded to Marica Mestrovic and Zeljko Olujic Feral's bank accounts were blocked so that the company was unable to function. Then, Feral's readers stepped forward and organized the unprecedented action - they collected money to pay fines that would alleviate spiritual pain of suffering plaintiffs and allowed the magazine to continue publishing. Soon, Media Development Loan Fund, based in New York, as a new co-owner of the magazine invested financial resources, knowledge and efforts to make sure that in the future Feral Tribune remain the property of those who read and write it. Both the printed and on-line edition, which starting with October functions as a daily and weekly proof of Feral's uber-webinosity [nenadwebivosti].

Obstacles in our way continued to be placed by various disturbed individuals, like Ante Kovacevic with his enormous demands for damages, as well as the current authorities that not only did not suspend Tudman's legislation that created condition for persecution of critical word but also...

2003

...attacked Feral for publication of the state secret that during the explosion of the military storage dump in Duboki Jarak environment in Zagreb was polluted by large amounts of deadly poison. Instead of approaching those responsible for hiding that fact, the Police decided to interrogate Feral's editor Ivica Djikic. Today, ten years after the publication of the first issue of independent and sovereign Feral Tribune, we thank all those who were with us, and to those who wanted that we are not - our most sincere condolences.


Translated on June 26, 2003
Feral Tribune