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Dossier Poljana: Feral's journalists tried to reconstruct the last days in the life of Bozo Velebit, one of many victims of Mercep's death squads

Hunt on Civilians

"We went together to the train station in Kutina and I remember that at two o'clock in the afternoon two military policemen approached us. One of them was named Kreso Steovic, and the other one Goran Skozit. Both of them were from the nearby village of Medurici. They were Mercap's lapdogs. Mercep had the people from 'Fish farm - Poljana' put together a list of Serbs who worked there. They said, the people who worked with my Bozo, that all of those Serbs were Chetniks," says Vjera Velebit. That day, October 21, 1991, was the last time she saw her husband

by Ivica Dikic

Feral Tribune, Split, Croatia, October 14, 2000

Bozo Velebit was born in 1942 in the village of Veliko Vukovje, half way between Pakracka Poljana and Garesnica. Those who knew him say that he was a good man. He could talk to anyone, he liked to hang out in a pub and did not care whether you were a Croat, Serb, Muslim, Albanian or a Roma. In those times civilized people did not care or inquire about ethnicity and religious background. When the time came, Bozo married Vjera, found a job, and then the children came along. In 1973 his first son, Nikola, was born, and two years later Vjera gave birth to Zdenko. Bozo built a nice house, and he provided for his family working as a driver for Fish Farm in Poljana. He daily delivered carp from Poljana's fish ponds all over the former Yugoslavia. There was a lot of work, and the job was well paid.

"We never harmed or insulted anyone, because there was no reason for that. We lived our life and tried to be good neighbors and friendly with everyone. My Bozo had many friends and people loved him," says Vjera Velebit. The elder son Nikola started working at the age of fifteen as a musician, playing at village parties in Poljana and neighboring villages, so that he also had many friends. Let us remind again, in these times normal persons did not care about ethnicity and religious background. Soon, however, things changed, so that that information became the most important part of biographies of millions of inhabitants of the former Yugoslavia. Bozo Velebit was a Serb.

Prologue

In early 1990 only truly naïve individuals did not realize that Yugoslavia was going to break up and that that break-up would result in rivers of blood spilled on all sides. Bozo Velebit was a truly naïve person. He was never interested in politics. He was only concerned about his house, garden, new attachments for his tractor, and his sons' upbringing. While Yugoslavia was falling apart with haste, Bozo continued to every morning go to work to Poljana; workers would load his truck with hundreds of kilos of well-fed carp, and he would then deliver them according to his instructions.

He did not stop hanging out with his friends from work, he did not stop going to pubs, and he still did not care about other people's ethnicity and religious background. In the March of 1991, on TV he watched tanks of the Yugoslav People's Army in the streets of Pakrac, shooting in the streets and ambulances picking up and driving away the wounded. A few months later, the war broke out all over the newly established state [Croatia] and Bozo and his wife Vjera and their two sons listened to the echo of far away battles during long sleepless nights.

"I invited all of them to come to my place in Switzerland when the war started," says Bozo's sister Milena, "but my brother said the following: 'Thank you for inviting us, but I have no reason to leave my house and my country. I've never harmed or insulted anyone and I have nothing to be afraid of'."

Bozo Velebit was again truly naïve, because he forgot the fact that, according to his wife Vjera, was never very important to him. Namely, Bozo Velebit was a Serb.

Beginning

In early October 1991, Tomislav Mercep's death squad arrived to Pakracka Poljana. Its members had a checkered past and war and killing were their only chance to prove themselves. They set up a camp in the Culture Hall in Poljana and started their bloody orgy.

"Rumors started spreading through the village to the effect that Mercep's soldiers had arrived to Poljana and that they would not spare any Serbs. I was in panic and afraid and could not sleep for many nights. I kept listening to voices, shots, and detonations that could be heard from Pakrac. I think that Bozo was also afraid but he did not want to show that. He kept saying that we had nothing to be afraid of," Vjera Velebit sobs while talking. Bozo's sister Milena fills in her story:

"When I heard that Mercep's squad had arrived to Poljana and heard the stories about them, I again invited my brother to Switzerland until the worst was over and he repeated: 'thank you sister for your invitation, but I'm not going anywhere, because I haven't harmed anyone and have nothing to be afraid of'."

Most of the Croats living near Poljana stopped communicating with their Serb neighbors and coworkers at that time. They turned into accomplices of Tomislav Mercep and his murderers.

"If it wasn't for Mercep and his men, this land would now be controlled by Serbs. He saved this region and these people and he is our hero. I fought for him and I am proud of that. The stuff you journalists write is useless. You should have been here in 1991 and then wrote..." says today the director of Fish Farm in Poljana, Milan Bozic. During those difficult and foggy days in October 1991 Bozo Velebit became aware that he was in danger. However, it was too late.

Bloody Hunt

"It was two a.m. on October 21, 1991. Two men were banging on the door. They were wearing battle fatigues and masks on their faces. They were looking for Bozo and I told them that he was not at home. And really, that night he was not at home. Those two were beasts, they were not human. The next morning I told him that some men had been looking for him and that he should get away, because they had said that they would be back," says Vjera Velebit. Her husband took her warning seriously, and decided to head to Zagreb the very same day.

"We went together to the train station in Kutina and I remember that it was two o'clock in the afternoon when we were approached by two military policemen. One of them was named Kreso Steovic, and the other one Goran Skozit. Both of them were from the nearby village of Meduric. They were Mercep's lapdogs. Mercep had the people from "Fish farm - Poljana" put together a list of Serbs who worked there. They said, the people who worked with my Bozo, that all of those Serbs were Chetniks. However, Mercep and his murderers did not know what these people looked like. Therefore, they had to recruit these local dogs, who arrested Serbs with pleasure," she says.

On October 21, 1991, Vjera Velebit, saw her husband for the last time. The two policemen did not even allow them to say goodbye. Namely, they told her that they were taking Bozo to be questioned and that he was going to be released the following day.

"That evening three men in uniforms came to my home. Mijo Jajic Rus was one of them. They demanded from me all the money I had in my home. I had in the house 400 Swiss Franks and DM100, given by Milena to my sons. That was everything we had at home, but they were not happy and said that Bozo had told them that we had more money. I said that he could not have said something like that because we did not have any more money. I gave them everything we had and they left," says Vjera. Then she relates how for the next few days she went every morning to Mercep's headquarters in Poljana to inquire about her husband. She regularly talked to Mercep's orderly Zvonimir Trusic and Nikola Rukavina Pop. They did not introduce themselves, but she found out their names a few years later when she saw their photographs in the newspapers. They promised that Bozo would be released a few days later.

Death

"On the seventh day Zakosek told me that my husband was not there. I asked him what he was talking about, as he had previously told me that he was there and would be released soon. But he kept repeated that my husband was not there. I asked whether he had been killed, whether he had been taken somewhere else, but he kept repeating that Bozo was not there. Rukavina told me and Ana Cicvara, the wife of abducted Mirko, that he could send us, if we wanted, to the front, but if we did not want to go to the front, then we should stop coming there," says Vjera.

Death ruled these days in Poljana and the nearby villages. The following persons were taken from their houses to death: Blagoje Zabrdac, Duro Brkanjac, Pero Rajcevic, Veljko Stojakovic, Ivan Drekovic, Nada Radakovic, Milan Jerinic, two Vuckovics... Milos Ivosevic, Marko Grujic, and Rade Pajic, were brought from Zagreb to the death meadow [poljana means meadow]. Aleksandar Sasa Antic and Ina Zoricic-Nuic were murdered. Warriors commanded by Tomislav Mercep were those days the only authority in that region. They looted, stole, tortured, and raped. There are very few survivors, but even are they are sometimes not sure whether they would have been better off dead, killed by Munib Suljic, Igor Mikola, Sinisa Rimac or someone else.

"Although there were rumors that the victims had been thrown in the fish ponds and although because of that people refused to eat fish at the time (they thought that the fish were eating human flesh), I do not think that my husband ended up in a fish pond. I know very well that one day a truck was loaded in Poljana with corpses, driven to the mortuary in Kutina and then to the crematorium. Most likely, my Bozo was in that truck. What's worst in all of this is that no one has told me where and how he died, and it's been nine years. I've heard stories that at one spot they dug a hole in the road, put the remains of the victims inside and poured tarmac on top," Vjera Velebit says through tears.

Peace

After being told to stop coming to look for her husband, Vjera started visiting Police stations in Garesnica, Kutina, Pakrac and Zagreb. Policemen took her statements, carefully recorded names of individuals she mentioned, carefully entered her descriptions of the abduction, but all of that was in vain. All investigations were interrupted, and all the people in Poljana whom she asked about her husband persistently kept quiet, although, says Vjera, almost all of them knew about everything. They still know everything, but they keep quiet.

"I had a friend before the war in Poljana. His name is Predrag. When the war started, I did not see him or talk to him for a long time. I saw him recently and he told me that he had seen Mercep's guys taking a few prisoners at a time to the filed, shooting and burying them. Then they returned for a new group and repeated everything... When he saw that, he was in shock for five months and did not leave his house in Poljana. Then he went to Zagreb to study," says Nikola Velebit.

"They do not want to talk, because many of them participated in the compilation of the list used for the arrests by Mercep," adds his mother Vjera. The silent conspiracy in Poljana and in nearby villages is almost unbelievable. As soon as one mentions interest in the events from 1991 people immediately say that they "know nothing", that they are not from here or that everything that has been written about Mercep and Poljana is a brazen lie.

Epilogue

"There was no killing here. Here Croatia was defended and everything that has been written in the newspapers about Poljana and this region is a lie," says the director of Fish Farm, Milan Bozic, who refuses to have his picture taken.

"So, what happened to all those people who disappeared?"

"Disappeared, disappeared... they disappeared, but people can disappear in many ways. Perhaps they were exchanged, who knows what happened to them... I only know that there was no killing here and that there were no war crimes."

"How do you know that?"

"I was here all the time and did not see anything..."

Vjera Velebit does not believe in justice anymore. She believes that too much time has passed and that no one will be prosecuted for the murder of her husband.

"I do not see that anything has changed. Mercep will continue to get rich by suing journalists who write the truth and no one will be able to do anything to him. And I will maybe end up like Milan Levar from Gospic," she says.



Translated on November 17, 2000
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